Senin, 18 April 2016

COLLOCATION




COLLOCATION

What is a collocation?

A collocation is two or more words that often go together. These combinations just sound "right" to native English speakers, who use them all the time. On the other hand, other combinations may be unnatural and just sound "wrong".

 

 

Example of collocation

1.             My father likes strong tea (ayahku menyukai teh yang kental)
2.             Do you like strong coffee or strong tea? (kamu suka kopi hitam atau teh kental?)
3.             I can not come to your house because it is heavy rain (aku tidak dapat datang kerumah mu karena hujan nya sangat deras)
4.             This snack is rich taste (snek ini kaya akan rasa)
5.             she has big mistake to me (dia memiliki kesalahan yang besar padaku)
6.             happy holiday and great fun! (selamat berlibur dan bersenang-senang)
7.             sweet dream my dear! (mimpi indah sayangku)
8.             I can do homework by myself (aku bisa mengerjakan PR ku sendiri)
9.             we sit under the tall tree (kami duduk dibawah pohon yang tinggi)
10.        My parent take the buss to go to market (orang tuaku naik bus untuk pergi ke pasar)
11.        I drink regular water everyday (aku minum air biasa (air putih) setiap hari.
12.        We promise to always keep in touch (kami berjanji untuk terus berkomunikasi)
13.        Never order fast food (jangan pernah memesan makanan cepat saji)
14.        I see fast car in this town (aku melihat mobil balap di kota ini)
15.        how many close friends that you have? (berapa banyak teman dekat yang kamu miliki?)
16.        Yu should take medicine regularly (kamu harus minum obat secara teratur)
17.        I love you ad I hate you at the same time (aku mencintaimu dan membencimu dalam waktu yang bersamaan)
18.        They interested in the art (mereka tertarik pada seni)


 

Sample Collocations

          There are several different types of collocation. Collocations can be adjective + adverb, noun + noun, verb + noun and so on. Below you can see seven main types of collocation in sample sentences.

1. adverb + adjective
  • Invading that country was an utterly stupid thing to do.
  • We entered a richly decorated room.
  • Are you fully aware of the implications of your action?

2. adjective + noun
  • The doctor ordered him to take regular exercise.
  • The Titanic sank on its maiden voyage.
  • He was writhing on the ground in excruciating pain.

3. noun + noun
  • Let's give Mr Jones a round of applause.
  • The ceasefire agreement came into effect at 11am.
  • I'd like to buy two bars of soap please.

4. noun + verb
  • The lion started to roar when it heard the dog barking.
  • Snow was falling as our plane took off.
  • The bomb went off when he started the car engine.

5. verb + noun
  • The prisoner was hanged for committing murder.
  • I always try to do my homework in the morning, after making my bed.
  • He has been asked to give a presentation about his work.

6. verb + expression with preposition
  • We had to return home because we had run out of money.
  • At first her eyes filled with horror, and then she burst into tears.
  • Their behaviour was enough to drive anybody to crime.

7. verb + adverb
  • She placed her keys gently on the table and sat down.
  • Mary whispered softly in John's ear.
  • I vaguely remember that it was growing dark when we left.



REFERENCE






25 komentar:

  1. Your blog is flat. You should take more picture or something else to make your blog more interested... This article is good. Why there are so many have references for a short blog... Sorry 😂 Thank you 😆

    BalasHapus
    Balasan
    1. Thank you riwa for critik and saran 😊

      Hapus
  2. what the aims of collocation in semantic?

    BalasHapus
  3. collocation is about word go together,so how to learn collocations?

    BalasHapus
    Balasan
    1. How to learn collocations
      • Be aware of collocations, and try to recognize them when you see or hear them.
      • Treat collocations as single blocks of language. Think of them as individual blocks or chunks, and learn strongly support, not strongly + support.
      • When you learn a new word, write down other words that collocate with it (remember rightly,remember distinctly, remember vaguely, remember vividly).
      • Read as much as possible. Reading is an excellent way to learn vocabulary and collocations in context and naturally.
      • Revise what you learn regularly. Practise using new collocations in context as soon as possible after learning them.
      • Learn collocations in groups that work for you. You could learn them by topic (time, number, weather, money, family) or by a particular word (take action, take a chance, take an exam).
      • You can find information on collocations in any good learner's dictionary. And you can also find specialized dictionaries of collocations.

      Hapus
  4. Good presented mayanii, but i didnt understand about connect combinations just sound "right" to native English speakers with the collocation,please you explain again that both? Thanks mayani

    BalasHapus
  5. Nice blog and good article.. So from your article, in English there are so many collocation and hampir semua contoh kata yang ada di blog kamu yang sering didengar, ternyata itu adalah collocation. So, from your opinion, what the characteristics of collocation.??
    Thank you..

    BalasHapus
    Balasan
    1. Collocations can be described in a number of ways. One way of thinking about them is in terms of "fixedness" - in other words, the degree to which you can vary the basic pattern and still have a collocation. We can only define the fixedness or unfixedness of collocations in terms of a continuum - all we can say is that some are more fixed than others but we can't make a neat dividing line between "fixed" and "unfixed". A very fixed collocation is one in which the pattern has very few expected variations. So, for example, the phrase "kick the bucket" is an idiom, a relatively fixed collocation meaning "to die". While we could substitute nouns and verbs in this sentence and get other meaningful sentences (e.g. "kick the door", "lift the bucket"), the word combinations in these other sentences are no longer cohesive patterns in the way that "kick the bucket" is. Like "kick the bucket", most collocations which are very fixed form a particular expected meaning rather than a structure.

      Less fixed collocations are often more structural - common patterns that help structure a sentence but don't carry as much specific meaning by themselves. For example a less fixed collocation might be something like:

      Let's + verb which directs an audience's attention + preposition + noun which describes an idea. This is a commonly used structural pattern into which you can insert a variety of words and still have commonly used patterns:

      Let's move on to the next point.
      Let's go back to the last chapter.
      Let's move away from this paragraph
      Let's look at tomorrow's homework.
      Let's go on to the main point.

      However, there are still a limited number of words which will "fit" into this pattern. So, for example, we don't typically say "Let's go out of this paragraph".

      On the other hand, there are some less fixed collocations which are not as clearly structural. Words that are commonly used with other words are examples of less fixed collocations which are not as structural in nature. So for example, we use "bus" and "car" with only certain sets of other words:

      We say "Get on a bus"/"climb on a bus" but usually not "enter a bus" or "get in a bus". However, we say "get in a car".

      We say "take the bus"/"ride the bus"/"go there on the bus" but usually not "We can drive there on the bus". However we say "We can drive there in her car."

      It's not important to be able to classify collocations according to their exact degree of fixedness. However, it probably is helpful to know that some collocations are more fixed than others: if you recognize a collocation as very fixed, you can learn it as one item; if you recognize it as less fixed, you understand that there's a pattern there that you can use to build a collection of useful related phrases.

      It's also helpful to pay attention to how collocations relate to the context around them. In some cases, especially with structures and longer phrases, the use of a collocation depends very heavily on the situation in which it's used. So for example, you probably shouldn't greet the president of the company you work for by saying, "What's up?". On the other hand, other collocations, like "get in a car" you can use almost anywhere.

      Hapus
  6. you try to explain why we learn collocation?

    BalasHapus
    Balasan
    1. Collocation perlu di pelajari dalam bahasa inggris karena tidak ada kamus yang menyediakan khusus untuk kata-kata collocations, sehingga bila ada native speaker (penutur asli) bahasa inggris berkata dengan sebuah collocation kita wajib mengerti tanpa bantuan sebuah kamus, oleh sebab itu penting bagi kita untuk belajar mengenai sebuah kolokasi dalam kata.

      Hapus
  7. nice blog mayani, but please you make your blog more than good again..
    oke i want ask to you, why we must study about collocation? thank you👍

    BalasHapus
    Balasan
    1. Why should we learn collocations?

      Our brain tends to store language in chunks, rather than individual words. Thus, when we speak or write, it is more efficient for us to remember and use phrases as chunks rather than constructing them one word at a time. This increased efficiency promotes fluency.

      Native English speakers will unconsciously predict what is going to be said based on their own use of these phrases. This increases the efficiency with which they are able to listen or read. Thus, if a speaker or writer uses uncommon phrasing patterns, a native English speaker may find him or her harder to understand. Conversely, if a non-native speaker of English uses frequently used phrasing patterns, this may make it easier for native speakers to guess what the non-native speaker is saying and may help compensate for other language issues such as pronunciation.

      Familiarity with collocations and the resulting ability to make guesses about a speaker/writer's speech should increase a non-native speaker's efficiency as a listener or reader.

      Hapus
  8. nice blog mayani, but i hope you can make your blog more than good again, I want to ask you. please you tell me about collocation from your own understanding and why we should learn collocation? thank mayani:)

    BalasHapus
    Balasan
    1. Collocation perlu di pelajari dalam bahasa inggris karena tidak ada kamus yang menyediakan khusus untuk kata-kata collocations, sehingga bila ada native speaker (penutur asli) bahasa inggris berkata dengan sebuah collocation kita wajib mengerti tanpa bantuan sebuah kamus, oleh sebab itu penting bagi kita untuk belajar mengenai sebuah kolokasi dalam kata.

      Hapus
  9. Hy mayani. It is good article but too much example than explanation. I want to ask you about types of collocation that is adverb + adjective. Apakah semua adverb dpt digabungkan dgn adj. atau ada aturan yg harus digunakan? give me a reason. Tq;)

    BalasHapus
    Balasan
    1. menurut saya aturannya sudah ada dan ditentukan dan contohnya bisa dilihat di blog saya. thank you ken

      Hapus
  10. nice blog may ^^, please explain why we study collocation in semantics?

    BalasHapus
    Balasan
    1. How to learn collocations
      • Be aware of collocations, and try to recognize them when you see or hear them.
      • Treat collocations as single blocks of language. Think of them as individual blocks or chunks, and learn strongly support, not strongly + support.
      • When you learn a new word, write down other words that collocate with it (remember rightly,remember distinctly, remember vaguely, remember vividly).
      • Read as much as possible. Reading is an excellent way to learn vocabulary and collocations in context and naturally.
      • Revise what you learn regularly. Practise using new collocations in context as soon as possible after learning them.
      • Learn collocations in groups that work for you. You could learn them by topic (time, number, weather, money, family) or by a particular word (take action, take a chance, take an exam).
      • You can find information on collocations in any good learner's dictionary. And you can also find specialized dictionaries of collocations.

      Hapus
  11. You're blog is good, but so simple and not colorful.. please explain what is collocation in your own word, and why we should study collocation?. Thank u may

    BalasHapus
    Balasan
    1. Collocation perlu di pelajari dalam bahasa inggris karena tidak ada kamus yang menyediakan khusus untuk kata-kata collocations, sehingga bila ada native speaker (penutur asli) bahasa inggris berkata dengan sebuah collocation kita wajib mengerti tanpa bantuan sebuah kamus, oleh sebab itu penting bagi kita untuk belajar mengenai sebuah kolokasi dalam kata.

      Hapus
  12. what did u means with pict "to,at,and for" ?

    BalasHapus
    Balasan
    1. Collocation adalah “a pair or group of words that are habitually juxtaposed” atau dua atau lebih kata-kata yang sering digunakan bersama untuk membentuk satu kesatuan makna.so, dengan satu kata yang kita dapat misalnya to dan menambahkan kata yang lain itu udah bisa menjadi suatu kalimat colocation. to,at,and for itu seperti kata dasar untuk membuat colocation, I think that. thank you

      Hapus
  13. No do not do these lessons to our lives everyday? thanks:)

    BalasHapus
  14. nice blog may, but I want ask question. how we avoid the mistakes from collocation?thx

    BalasHapus
    Balasan
    1. The term ‘collocation’ defines words which frequently appear together. If we analyzed a long text for words which are often used together we’ll find out that some words are ofen used in the same form. Using collocations will improve your style of spoken and written English, you’ll sound more natural and you’ll help you avoid common mistakes.

      You must make an effort. [NOT do an effort]
      Did you watch TV last Friday? [NOT look at TV]
      There are some ancient monuments near by. [NOT antique monuments]
      The car has a powerful engine. [NOT strong engine]

      As you can see collocations are very useful to sound like a fluent speaker. For students it’s often a challenge to learn them, because they are often difficult to guess. Learning collocations can also help to avoid mistakes in written English. If you would like to take a Cambridge Exam (FCE, CAE, ..) you should learn at least the 100 most common collocations.
      thank you...

      Hapus

 

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